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151.
针对当前绿地草坪建设中水资源不足问题,分别论述了干旱胁迫对草坪草生长发育的影响及草坪草抵抗干旱的生理机制。并从节水灌溉、节水抗旱型品种选育、抗旱保水剂和草坪管理措施等方面综述了近年来在草坪业上的相关节水技术。 相似文献
152.
国内巨蜥的研究现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于人类的乱捕滥猎和巨蜥栖息地的改变,造成巨蜥数量急剧减少。一般认为国内存在2种巨蜥,即Varanus salvator和Varanus bengalensis bengalensis,主要分布于云南、广西、海南和广东四省。巨蜥的生境多位于热带或亚热带的河流附近或沿海河口一带。穴居,且具有爬树和游泳能力。其食物十分广泛,包括小型哺乳类(如啮齿类)、鸟类、两栖爬行类(蛇、蜥蜴、小龟、蛙)、鱼和一些无脊椎动物(蟹、虾、昆虫)。其捕食方式为公开追击方式(open-pursuit)。春季和夏季是巨蜥发情交配和产卵的季节。人工条件下,巨蜥卵的孵化时间约为7个月左右。当前巨蜥保护工作的首要任务,是迅速查明国内巨蜥的种类、分布、野外种群数量及其致危因子等信息,这将是制定有效的巨蜥保护策略的基础。 相似文献
153.
154.
155.
蛹虫草人工栽培条件优化研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
蛹虫草是一种珍贵的药食同源大型真菌.其市场需求日益增加。为加强蛹虫草的人工栽培.从料水比、菌种浓度、接种量和暗培养时间等4个因素进行正交试验.发现接种量(15、20、25mL/瓶)和菌种浓度(6、11、15个/mL)起着重要的作用,而料水比(1:1、1:1.2、1:1.5)和暗培养时间(2、3、4d)作用较小,并优化出高产培养条件.即料水比1:1.5、菌种浓度15个/mL.接种量25mL/瓶和暗培养时间为3d。在此优化条件下.每20g大米能生产出高达17.96g鲜子实体。 相似文献
156.
干旱缺水是导致果园低产、低效的主要原因之一。重庆三峡库区降水丰沛,但水资源在时空上分布很不均匀,许多坡地果园水源紧缺,季节性干旱十分突出。2002年7月至2006年1月,通过用叶片水分亏缺与果实膨大相关性的研究以及水分管理模式,对柑橘生长和发育的影响进行试验研究,总结出了一套适合坡地柑橘园的水分管理模式。 相似文献
157.
To compliment the current subirrigation systems used for production of potted plants, a nutrient-flow wick culture (NFW) system was developed and compared with other subirrigation systems, such as an ebb and flow culture (EBB) system and a nutrient-stagnant wick culture (NSW) system in relation to their system characteristics and plant growth. Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana cv. New Alter) was cultivated in a 6 cm pot for 10 weeks in each subirrigation system. The water-absorption pattern of the medium, water content of the medium, water loss, algal growth, salt-buildup and plant growth under various culture systems were observed. The water contents of medium under the NFW and EBB systems showed fluctuations from 30 to 40% and from 50 to 60% (by volume), respectively, whereas the water content under the NSW system gradually increased to over 40% without fluctuation. Relative to other systems, the water loss in the NFW system was 50–70% due to the reduction in the evaporation from the surfaces of the trough and medium. Algae appeared in the NSW system because the nutrient solution was always stagnant in the trough, while it was not observed under the NFW system. The dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution was the highest during the irrigation period and the salinity in the medium was the lowest in the NFW system. With regard to system characteristics, the NFW system was simple, water-saving and efficient. In addition, the growth of kalanchoes in the NFW system was similar to those in the NSW and EBB systems at an irrigation frequency of five times a day. 相似文献
158.
159.
西北牧区灌溉人工草地适宜发展规模分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对西北牧区水资源和草地资源已被超极限利用的现状,应用水草畜平衡原理,分析了西北牧区灌溉人工草地的发展规模,提出了西北牧区灌溉人工草地适宜发展规模为215.76~239.71万hm^2,载畜量控制在13833.18万羊单位之内即可实现草畜平衡,总体可达到人工种植冷季补饲水平。新增灌溉需水量约为71.85~83.55亿m^3,占2000年灌溉总用水量(777亿m^3)的9.25%~10.75%。解决这一灌溉需水量的可行途径是建设节水型社会,提高水资源利用效率。 相似文献
160.
Empirical relationships between land use/cover and estuarine condition in the Northeastern United States 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wilfrid Rodriguez Peter V. August Yeqiao Wang John F. Paul Arthur Gold Norman Rubinstein 《Landscape Ecology》2007,22(3):403-417
Land–water interactions were examined in three regions in the Virginian Biogeographic Province; the southern shore of Cape
Cod, Massachusetts; the Hudson/Raritan region of New York; and the eastern shore of the Delmarva (Delaware/Maryland/Virginia)
Peninsula. Cumulative distribution functions were used to evaluate similarity in environmental condition among estuaries.
Spatial-setting variables (location in a river, coastal lagoon, or in open waters) were associated with variation for some
measures of estuarine condition. Patterns of coastal urban and agriculture gradients were measured and their relationship
with indicators of estuarine condition was modeled statistically. When estuaries were pooled, the highest variation explained
by spatial-setting variables was found for dissolved oxygen (DO, R
2 = 0.44) and salinity (R
2 = 0.58), with DO decreasing in river locations and salinity decreasing with rainfall and sampling locations near rivers.
The explanatory power for the other indicator variables was low and varied from 6% to 27%. Rainfall explained some of the
variation (R
2 = 0.23) in total suspended solids. Moderate (0.4 < | r | < 0.7) to strong (| r | ≥ 0.7) linear associations were found between total urban area and measures of estuarine condition. Within regions, total
urban area was positively associated with Silver (r = 0.59), Cadmium (r = 0.65), and Mercury (r = 0.47) in Cape Cod, and inversely related to DO (r = −0.65) in the Hudson/Raritan region. No associations were found in the Delmarva Peninsula study area. Total area of agriculture
showed a moderate association with Arsenic in Cape Cod, but no other associations were found in the other two regions. Our
analyses show a measurable impact of urban land use on coastal ecosystem condition over large areas of the northeastern United
States. This pattern was most evident when many different landscapes were considered simultaneously. The relationship between
urban development and estuarine condition were weaker within the individual regions studied. The use of land use/cover models
for predicting estuarine condition is a challenging task that warrants enhancements in the type, quantity, and quality of
data to improve our ability to discern relationships between anthropogenic activities on land and the condition of coastal
environments. 相似文献